Numeric Functions

ROUND():
- ROUND() is used to round a numeric value to a specified number of decimal places.
Example:
```
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SELECT ROUND(3.14159265, 2) AS rounded_value;
```
Output: 3.14
CEIL() and FLOOR():
- CEIL() (or CEILING()) rounds a number up to the nearest integer, while FLOOR() rounds it down to the nearest integer.
Example:
```
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SELECT CEIL(4.3) AS ceiling_value, FLOOR(4.9) AS floor_value;
```
Output: 5, 4
ABS():
- ABS() returns the absolute value of a number.
Example:
```
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SELECT ABS(-10) AS absolute_value;
```
Output: 10
SQRT():
- SQRT() calculates the square root of a number.
Example:
```
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SELECT SQRT(25) AS square_root;
```
Output: 5
POWER():
- POWER() raises a number to a specified power.
Example:
```
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SELECT POWER(2, 3) AS result;
```
Output: 8
RAND():
- RAND() generates a random floating-point number between 0 and 1.
Example:
```
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SELECT RAND() AS random_number;
```
Output: A random number between 0 and 1.
MOD():
- MOD() returns the remainder of a division operation.
Example:
```
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SELECT MOD(10, 3) AS remainder;
```
Output: 1
SIGN():
- SIGN() returns the sign of a number as -1 (negative), 0 (zero), or 1 (positive).
Example:
```
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SELECT SIGN(-7) AS sign_result, SIGN(0) AS zero_result, SIGN(3) AS positive_result;
```
Output: -1, 0, 1
PI():
- PI() returns the mathematical constant π (pi).
Example:
```
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SELECT PI() AS pi_value;
```
Output: 3.141592653589793
LOG():
- LOG() calculates the natural logarithm of a number.
Example:
```
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SELECT LOG(10) AS natural_log;
```
Output: 2.302585092994046

These numeric functions in MySQL are useful for performing various calculations on numeric data types in your SQL queries.